Explore Lalbagh Fort: Dhaka's Mughal Masterpiece

Nestled in the heart of Old Dhaka, Lalbagh Fort, also known as Lalbagh Kella, stands as a majestic testament to the Mughal era's architectural brilliance. Though unfinished, its grandeur remains captivating, attracting throngs of tourists and history buffs alike.

Built in the 17th century, the fort boasts imposing red brick walls, colossal gateways, and remnants of structures that hint at its intended magnificence. Visitors can explore the impressive three-storied entrance gate, wander through the serene courtyards, and delve into the captivating story of its past.

Lalbagh Fort's significance transcends its architectural beauty. It played a pivotal role in the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny, a significant chapter in India's fight for independence. Today, it serves as a crucial link to Bangladesh's rich heritage, offering a glimpse into the bygone era.

Lalbagh Fort's history is as fascinating as its architecture. Construction began in 1678 under Mughal Prince Muhammad Azam Shah, son of Emperor Aurangzeb. However, fate intervened. After a mere 15 months, Azam was summoned back to assist in a war.

The project continued under Shaista Khan, the next Viceroy of Bengal. Tragedy struck in 1684 with the death of Khan's beloved daughter, Pari Bibi. Some believe this misfortune, coupled with dwindling Mughal power, led Khan to abandon construction. The fort remains a captivating reminder of a bygone era, a majestic fragment frozen in time.

Within the Lalbagh Fort complex, the residence of the governor, also known as the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience), holds a significant place. Here's a closer look at this historical structure:

A Seat of Power:

Built as part of the original fort complex in the 17th century, the Diwan-i-Aam served as the official residence for the Mughal governor of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. Imagine the governor holding court, meeting with dignitaries, and managing the affairs of the province from within these very walls.

Architectural Details:

The Diwan-i-Aam is a two-storied red brick building with a central hallway connecting the living quarters on each floor. This central hall served as a grand reception space, likely adorned with rich carpets and tapestries befitting a governor's residence. On the western side, a single-story hammam (bathhouse) is attached, providing the governor with a luxurious bathing facility.

Unique Features:

Symmetrical Design: The building boasts a symmetrical design, reflecting Mughal architectural principles of balance and order. Ornamental Fountain: Historical records suggest the central hall may have housed an ornamental fountain, adding a touch of opulence to the residence. Spacious Rooms: The living quarters on each floor likely provided ample space for the governor and their family.

A Glimpse into the Past:

While the Diwan-i-Aam may not hold the ornate decorations of a palace, it offers a glimpse into the lives of Mughal governors and the administrative heart of the province during that era. It stands as a testament to the power and influence wielded by the Mughal Empire in Bengal.

Exploring the Residence:

Today, the Diwan-i-Aam is one of the primary attractions within the Lalbagh Fort complex. Visitors can explore the various rooms, imagining the lives of those who once resided here, and appreciate the architectural details that provide a window into the past.

The Tomb of Pari Bibi is a captivating structure within the Lalbagh Fort complex, renowned for its architectural beauty and historical significance.

A Final Resting Place Steeped in History

Pari Bibi, formally known as Iran Dukht, was the daughter of Shaista Khan, the Mughal viceroy of Bengal. Tragically, she passed away in 1678, leaving her family heartbroken. Her grief-stricken father, Shaista Khan, commissioned the construction of the tomb as a final resting place for his beloved daughter.

Architectural Marvel

The tomb is a stunning example of Mughal architecture, constructed in a square plan with a central chamber housing Pari Bibi's cenotaph. The central chamber is surrounded by eight smaller rooms, creating a symmetrical and aesthetically pleasing design.

The exterior of the tomb boasts several noteworthy features:

Raised Platform: The tomb sits atop a raised square platform, adding to its grandeur. Octagonal Minarets: Four short, octagonal minarets grace the corners of the tomb,capped with plastered kiosks and ribbed cupolas. Domed Roof: The central chamber is crowned with an octagonal dome, originally adorned with a gilded brass plate for an extra touch of opulence. Floral Designs: The tomb chamber's cenotaph is embellished with intricate floral designs, adding a touch of elegance.

A Blend of Mughal and Local Influences

The tomb's construction reflects a unique blend of Mughal architectural styles and local Bengali influences. For instance, the use of stone slabs laid on top of each other for the roof echoes traditional Hindu temple roofing techniques.

A Lasting Legacy

The Tomb of Pari Bibi stands as a poignant reminder of a Mughal princess' life cut short and a father's enduring love. Today, it is a well-preserved monument within the Lalbagh Fort complex, attracting visitors with its historical significance and architectural beauty.

Enclosed within the walls of Lalbagh Fort lies the Quilla Masjid, also known as the Lalbag Fort Mosque. Its history is intricately linked to the fort itself.

Construction of the mosque began alongside the fort in 1678 by Prince Muhammad Azam Shah. He envisioned the mosque as a quintessential Bengali Mughal structure - a rectangular building crowned with three domes. The central dome, a hallmark of Mughal architecture, would be the largest.

Sadly, just like the fort, the mosque's construction remained unfinished due to Azam's sudden departure from Bengal. Though incomplete, the Quilla Masjid stands as a remarkable example of Mughal artistry.

The Department of Archaeology, Bangladesh, meticulously restored and repaired the mosque, preserving its beauty for future generations. Unlike the fort, entry to the mosque requires no ticket, allowing worshippers and visitors alike to experience its serene atmosphere.

Today, the Quilla Masjid serves as a functioning mosque and a historical treasure within the larger Lalbagh Fort complex. It's a testament to the Mughal era's architectural achievements and a reminder of the fascinating yet unfinished story of Lalbagh Fort itself.

The South Gate of Lalbag Port

The South Gate of Lalbag Fort (Lalbagh Kella), also known as the Dhaka Gate, was once a grand entrance to the fort complex. Historical records suggest there were most likely two grand southern entrances.

These architectural marvels were likely modeled after other grand Mughal Fort gates, such as the Red Fort in Delhi.